Slovenia – Krško and Elektro Celje

Location: Slovenia – Krško, Ljubljana, and Velenje 

The Slovenian demonstrator provides an advanced testing environment for exploring the concept of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), which involves the interaction of electric vehicles with the power grid and other elements of the energy system. The Slovenian consortium includes demo leader, aggregator, and CPO GEN-I, DSO Elektro Celje, V2X charger stations provider ABB Inženiring, and the University of Ljubljana as the research institution. Together, they are jointly advancing the Slovenian demonstrator within the EV4EU project, which includes three demonstration sites: Krško, Ljubljana, and Velenje. 

In the first phase, a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) owned by Elektro Celje was utilized to simulate various scenarios in which electric vehicles serve not only as means of transportation but also as active components of the energy system. Slovenian partners developed the Velenje demonstration site, which includes a BESS aggregated into a Virtual Power Plant (VPP). The BESS was used to simulate a V2X environment and estimate its impact, as it can act similarly to V2X charging stations (CSs) and, consequently, EVs. This phase served as a proactive measure to test demo infrastructure and begin evaluating the impact of V2X.  

Meanwhile, at the Ljubljana and Krško sites, simulations were tested under real-world conditions by installing prototype V2G charging stations. At both locations, V2G chargers were installed at GEN-I’s office buildings. These facilities were equipped with 10 controllable charging stations (each with a single outlet capable of supplying up to 11 kW), which can be autonomously controlled to provide behind-the-meter services.  

An additional demonstration site was developed at GEN-I’s Ljubljana office. This site serves as a pre-demo for Krško, where prototype V2X CSs are being extensively tested alongside a wide range of EVs to evaluate compatibility with V2X technology. The Ljubljana demonstrator includes six V2X CSs. 

The main practical demonstration takes place at GEN-I’s office building in Krško, which is part of the VPP portfolio operated by GEN-I. For the purposes of the project, the building is equipped with prototype V2X CSs provided by ABB. These stations support V2X technology, operate at 11 kW, and use the CCS2 standard. In Krško, the full demonstrator—including the VPP and local market platform—is used to test the procurement and activation of flexibility from V2X EVs. This enables the evaluation of two business use cases: 

• Participation of Vehicle-to-Everything in electricity markets through a virtual power plant
• Participation of Vehicle-to-Everything in local flexibility markets. 

The demonstrator aims to assess the impact of V2X on the electricity network, energy markets, and system services. 

4 Use- Cases (UC) will be tested in the Slovenia Demonstrator:​

• V2X management by a Virtual Power Plant (VPP)​
  Tests consider the aggregation of V2X flexibilities with other resources (generation and storage) taking into account the participation in multiple services and markets.  

• Participation of V2X in electricity markets​
  This UC demonstrates and evaluate the participation of V2X, aggregated with other resources, in markets at the national level (energy market, ancillary services markets). This UC intends to understand the users’ advantages of V2X participation in these markets and the impact that mass participation of V2X can have in these markets. The models are integrated into real tools, but participation in real markets is dependent on the market pre-qualification process that can take a long time. If participation in real markets is not possible, the services are validated using market emulation tools. 

• Participation of V2X in Grid Services ​
  This UC demonstrates and evaluate the participation of V2X, aggregated with other resources, in markets and services at the local level. The demonstration focus on the contribution of V2X to solve problems in distribution systems. 

• Activation of V2X services by Distribution System Operator (DSOs)​
  This UC aims to evaluate the integration and communication between VPPs and Advanced Distribution management Services (ADMS), activation of VPP for ADMS system, and activation triggered by ADMS operators.